This is from the TDI forum.
The
triple-square, also known as
XZN, is a type of screw drive with 12 equally spaced protrusions, each ending in a 90° internal angle. The name derives from overlaying three equal squares to form such a pattern with 12 right-angled protrusions (a 12-pointed star). In other words, three
Robertson squares are superimposed at a successive 30° rotation. The design is similar to that of the
double-square—in both cases, the idea being that it resembles a square (Robertson) but can be engaged at more frequent angles by the driver bit. These screws can be driven with standard Robertson bits.
Sizes are M4, M5, M6, M8, M9, M10, M12, M14, M16, and M18. Despite the similar naming scheme to
metric fasteners, there is no correlation between the name of the size and the dimensions of the tool.
The 12-pointed internal star shape superficially resembles the "double hex" fastener head, but differs subtly in that the points are shaped to an internal angle of 90° (derived from a square), rather than the 120° internal angle of a hexagon. In practice, drivers for the fasteners may or may not interchange, but should be examined carefully for proper fit before application of force. A hex key should not be used where a key of square cross-section is the correct fit.
Triple-square drive fasteners have been used in high-torque applications, such as
cylinder head bolts and
drive train components. The fasteners involved have heads that are hardened and tempered to withstand the driving torque without destroying the star points. They are commonly found on
German vehicles such as
BMW,
Opel,
Mercedes,
Porsche and those from the
Volkswagen Group (
Audi,
Seat,
Skoda, and
Volkswagen).
The
12-spline flange screw drive has twelve
splines in the fastener and tool. It consists of 12 equally spaced protrusions, each with a 60° angle. It is achieved overlaying 4 equilateral triangles, each one rotated 30° over the previous one. The spline drive was part of the obsolete, U.S-designed
Optimum Metric Fastener System and was defined by
ASTM B18.2.7.1M, which was withdrawn in 2011,
[70] making the spline drive obsolescent. Spline drives were specified for 5, 6.3, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 20 mm size screws.
[71] Its primary advantage is its ability to resist
cam out, so it is used in high-torque applications, such as
tamper-proof lug nuts, cylinder head bolts, and other engine bolts.
VAG lists the part number as N-101-045-01 '12 point socket head screw' with an M7 x 18 designation (7mm thread, which in this case is a pitch of 1.00, 18mm long on the shaft). A standard 9mm 12 point socket fits it. If it is not that, then it is not the original screw OR someone messed it up somehow, or the tool you are using is messed up.